Profit and Loss

  • FORMULAS:
    1. SP > CP --> Profit 
    2. SP < CP ---> Loss 
    3. MRP - P ---> SP 
    4. Profit and Loss is always depended on Cost price only

1.

A table is bought for Rs.400/- and sold at Rs.500/- find gain or loss percentage 

   A.) 25% Loss
   B.) 30% Gian
   C.) 25% Gian
   D.) 30% Loss

Answer: Option 'C'

Formula = (Selling price ~ Cost price)/Cost price × 100 
            = (500 - 400)/400 = 25% gain

2.

A chair is bought for Rs.900/- and sold at Rs.810/- find the loss percentage 

   A.) 10% gain
   B.) 10% loss
   C.) 12% loss
   D.) 12% gain

Answer: Option 'B'

Formula = (Selling price ~ Cost price)/Cost price × 100 
= (810 ~ 900)/900 = 10% Loss

3.

A bat is bought for Rs.400 and sold at a gain of 20% find its selling price 

   A.) Rs.320/-
   B.) Rs.350/-
   C.) Rs.370/-
   D.) Rs.480/-

Answer: Option 'D'

100 % ------> 400 (100 × 4 = 400) 
120 % ------> 480 (120 × 4 = 480) 
Selling price = Rs.480/-

4.

A chair is bought for Rs.600/- and sold at a loss of 10% find its selling price

   A.) Rs.540/-
   B.) Rs.560/-
   C.) Rs.580/-
   D.) Rs.600/-

Answer: Option 'A'

100 % ------> 600 (100 × 6 = 600) 
90 % ------> 540 (90 × 6 = 540) 
Selling price = Rs.540/-

5.

By selling a watch for Rs.640/-, a man loses 20% what is that watch cost price 

   A.) Rs.400/-
   B.) Rs.600/-
   C.) Rs.800/-
   D.) Rs.1000/-

Answer: Option 'C'

80 % ------> 640 (80 × 8 = 640) 
100 % ------>800 (100 × 8 = 800) 
Cost price = Rs. 800/-

6.

Harkamal purchased 8kg of grapes at the rate of 70 per kg and 9 kg of mangoes at the rate of 55 per kg. How much amount did he pay to the shopkeeper?

   A.) 1400
   B.) 1505
   C.) 1055
   D.) 1005

Answer: Option 'C'

Cost of 8 kg grapes = 70 × 8 = 560.
Cost of 9 kg of mangoes = 55 × 9 = 490.
Total cost he has to pay = 560 + 490 = 1055.

7.

Suresh started a business, investing Rs.18000. After 3 months and 4 months respectively, Rohan and Sudhir joined him with capitals of 12000 and 9000. At the end of the year the total profit was Rs.3982. What is the difference between Rohan’s and Sudhir’s share in the profit? 

   A.) 354
   B.) 370
   C.) 362
   D.) 121

Answer: Option 'C'

                              Suresh       :      Rohan  : Sudhir
Ratio of their investments  = 18000 × 12   :   12000 × 9 : 9000 × 8
= 6 : 3: 2
The difference between Rohan’s and Sudhir’s share = 1 share
:.i.e. = Rs. 3982 × 1/11  = Rs.362.

8.

Narendra started a business, investing 30000. Six months later, Chandan joined him with 15000. If they make a profit of 10000 at the end of the year, what should be the share of Narendra? 

   A.) 6000
   B.) 8000
   C.) 7200
   D.) 3600

Answer: Option 'B'

The ratio of their investments = 30000 × 12 : 15000 × 6 = 4 : 1.
:. Narendra’s share on profit of Rs.10000 = 10000 × 4/5 = Rs.8000.

9.

By selling a book for 270, 20% profit was earned. What is the cost price of the book? 

   A.) 216
   B.) 226
   C.) 254
   D.) 225

Answer: Option 'D'

SP = 120% of CP; :. CP = 270 × 100/120 = 225

10.

A shopkeeper sold some articles @ 35 per article and earned a profit of 40%. At what price each article should have been sold so that 60% profit was earned?

   A.) 45
   B.) 42
   C.) 39
   D.) 40

Answer: Option 'D'

SP = 140% of CP; :. CP = 35 × 100/140 = 25
Then, 60% of CP = 2.5 × 6 = 15
To set a profit of 60% the SP = 25 + 15 = 40.

11.

By selling a bat for Rs.720/- a man loses 10% what is that bat cost price 

   A.) Rs.800/-
   B.) Rs.820/-
   C.) Rs.840/-
   D.) Rs.860/-

Answer: Option 'A'

90 % ------> 720 (90 × 8 = 720) 
100 % ------>800 (100 × 8 = 800) 
Cost price = Rs.800/-

12.

By selling a watch for Rs.720/- a man loses 10% at what price should he sell it to gain 10%? 

   A.) Rs.800/-
   B.) Rs.880/-
   C.) Rs.900/-
   D.) Rs.990/-

Answer: Option 'B'

90 % ------> 720 (90 × 8 = 720) 
110 % ------> 880 (110 × 8 = 880) 
= Rs.880/-

13.

A man sells an article at 10% gain. Had be sold at for Rs.60/- more he could have gained 20% what is cost price of article

   A.) Rs.500/-
   B.) Rs.600/-
   C.) Rs.700/-
   D.) Rs.800/-

Answer: Option 'B'

First selling price = 110 % -----> X Rupees 
=sold at for Rs.60/- = 120 % -----> X + 60 Rupees 

                          ~
----------------------------------------------
         10 % --------> 60
         100 % ------->Rs.600/- 
OR 
Short cut method : 
---------------------------
Profit,Profit = - 
Ptofit,Loss = + 
Loss,Loss = - 
Loss,Profit = + 
---------------------------
OPPOSITE ==> + 
SAME ===> - 
----------------------------
Profit ==> 10 % 
profit ==> 20% 
       ~
----------------
       10 % ---------> 60
       100 % --------> Rs.600/-

14.

A man sells an article at 5% loss. Had he sold it for Rs.60 more he could have gained 10%. What is the cost price of the article? 

   A.) Rs.400/-
   B.) Rs.600/-
   C.) Rs.722/-
   D.) Rs.700/-

Answer: Option 'A'

Short cut method: 
Loss =====> 5 % 
Profit ====> 10 % 
~
----------------
15 % ---------> Rs.60/-
100 % --------> Rs.400/-

15.

A man sells an article at 7% loss. Had he sold it for Rs.72 more he could have gained 5%. what is the cost price of the article 

   A.) Rs.522/-
   B.) Rs.622/-
   C.) Rs.722/-
   D.) Rs.600/-

Answer: Option 'D'

Short cut method: 
Loss =====> 7 % 
Profit ====> 5 % 
~
----------------
12 % ---------> 72
100 % --------> Rs.600/-

16.

The price of two tables and three chairs is Rs.5600. What will be the price of six tables and nine chairs?

   A.) 16800
   B.) 11200
   C.) 22400
   D.) None of these

Answer: Option 'A'

The cost of two tables + three chairs = 5600.
Multiply each term by 3, we get,
Cost of 6 table + 9 chairs = 16800.

17.

Amit purchased a book with a 10% discount on the labeled price. How much did he pay if the labelled price was 600? 

   A.) 480
   B.) 360
   C.) 540
   D.) 340

Answer: Option 'C'

Selling Price = 600 – 10% of 600 = 600 – 60 = 540.

18.

Kaavya sold an item for 4080 and incurred a loss of 20%. At what price should she have sold the item to have gained a profit of 20%? 

   A.) 6120
   B.) 5890
   C.) 5100
   D.) None of these

Answer: Option 'B'

Cost Price = 4080 × 100 /80          ( Because SP is 80% CP)
= Rs. 5100.
For 20% profit = Rs. 5100 + 1020 = 6120.

19.

The owner of an electronic store charges his customer 9% more than the cost price. If a customer paid 1,26440 for an LED T.V., then what was the original price of the T.V.? 

   A.) 116000
   B.) 114700
   C.) 117500
   D.) 118200

Answer: Option 'A'

Selling Price = 109% of CP;
:. CP = 126440 × 100/109 = 116000.

20.

The profit earned by selling on article for 900 is double the loss incurred when the same article is sold for 450. At what price should the article be sold to make 25% profit? 

   A.) 750
   B.) 800
   C.) 600
   D.) none of these

Answer: Option 'B'

Let ‘x’ be the CP of the article;
Then 900 – x = 2(x – 450); :. x= 600.
25% of 600 = 150
:. New SP = 600 + 150 = 750


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